Decreased bone density - Rejuvenate Clinic

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What is decreased bone density?

Decreased bone density, also known as osteopenia or osteoporosis, is a condition where bones become less dense and have lower mineral content. This makes them weaker and more prone to fractures.

Some key points about decreased bone density:

• It often develops slowly over years without symptoms. Many people don't know they have it until a minor fall or sudden impact causes a broken bone.
• It is very common, especially in older adults. About 1 in 2 women and 1 in 4 men over age 50 have osteoporosis.
• Bone is living tissue that is constantly being renewed. With decreased density, the body removes old bone faster than creating new bone.
• Risk factors include aging, family history, smoking, low calcium/vitamin D intake, and lack of exercise.
• Fractures most often occur in the hip, spine, or wrist. These can cause severe disability and loss of independence.
• Screening tests like DEXA scans measure bone mineral density to diagnose and monitor bone loss.
• Treatments focus on slowing or stopping further bone loss and preventing fractures. They include weight-bearing exercise, calcium/vitamin D supplements, quitting smoking, and possibly medication.

Why does bone density decrease?

As we age, bone production slows while bone removal continues at the same pace. Hormonal changes from menopause can accelerate bone loss in women. Poor nutrition and unhealthy lifestyle factors also contribute. Genetics play a role as well.

What are the symptoms?

There are usually no obvious symptoms in the early stages. Later on, spinal compression fractures can cause back pain. Fractured bones elsewhere cause sudden pain, swelling, and bruising at the fracture site. Stooped posture or loss of height over time can also indicate spine fractures.

How is it diagnosed and treated?

DEXA scans measure bone density in the hip and spine. Low bone mass indicates osteopenia and very low density signifies osteoporosis. Treatment options include weight-bearing exercise, smoking cessation, calcium/vitamin D supplements, and possibly prescription medications like bisphosphonates or PTH analogs which help rebuild bone.

For more information on decreased bone density, please visit Rejuvenate Clinic. Proper screening and preventative care is important.